(For the workshop description in English, please see below)
Predstavnici Udruženja Nova sigurnosna inicijativa, Benjamin Plevljak i Imer Dulaš, učestvovali su u radionici “Dijalog zajednice i mladih: rani znaci radikalizacije mladih u lokalnim zajednicama”, koja se održala 18.09.2018. godine na Fakultetu za kriminalistiku, kriminologiju i sigurnosne studije Univerziteta u Sarajevu. Radionicu je organiziralo Vijeće za regionalnu saradnju (RCC) u okviru EU finansiranog programa Centra za demokratsku kontrolu oružanih snaga (DCAF) „Integrativno upravljanje unutrašnjom sigurnosti (IISG)/Inicijativa za borbu protiv terorizma na Zapadnom Balkanu (WBCTi).
Osim stručnjaka u oblasti terorizma i predstavnika različitih organizacija, na radionici je prisustvovala veća skupina studenata sa područja čitave Bosne i Hercegovine s ciljem diskusije o ranim znacima radikalizacije u njihovim lokalnim zajednicama, ranjivoj populaciji, prevazilaženju radikalnih narativa, psihologiji religioznosti i (zlo)upotrebi slobode govora za poticanje govora mržnje i netolerancije.
Radionicu su otvorili pomoćnik ministra sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, gospodin Samir Rizvo, šef političkog odjela Vijeća za regionalnu saradnju, gospodin Amer Kapetanović, te dekan Fakulteta za kriminalistiku, kriminologiju i sigurnosne studije Univerziteta u Sarajevu, gospodin Nedžad Korajlić.
Gospodin Rizvo predstavio je aktivnosti Bosne i Hercegovine u suzbijanju radikalizacije i nasilnog ekstremizma, naglasivši kako u tom procesu treba da učestvuje cijela zajednica. Također, fokus se treba staviti na mlade koji su se pokazali kao ranjiva kategorija te tako preventivno djelovati na pojave radikalizacije i ekstremizma.
Gospodin Kapetanović podsjetio je na rezultate studije “Igra čekanja: procjena i odgovor na prijetnju povratka stranih boraca na Zapadni Balkan” kazavši da je od 2012. do 2016. na strana ratišta sa Zapadnog Balkana otišlo preko 1000 osoba, uključujući 197 djece. Prema procjenama te studije, 200 osoba je ubijeno, a njih 300 se vratilo predstavljajući dodatni rizik za radikalizaciju.
Dekan Korajlić govorio je o potencijalima nastavnih planova i programa na visokoškolskim ustanovama u borbi protiv radikalizacije i nasilnog ekstremizma te o postojećim pravnim okvirima koji kažnjavaju aktivnosti povezane s terorizmom i odlazak na strana ratišta. Međutim, postojanje pravnog okvira nije značajnije preveniralo radikalizaciju.
U prvom radnom dijelu radionice, učesnici su se mogli upoznati sa aktivnostima koje poduzima Evropska unija u borbi protiv radikalizacije i nasilnog ekstremizma na Zapadnom Balkanu, univerzalnim vrijednostima religija i pogrešnim tumačenjima religijskih dogmi te o važnosti akademske zajednice u borbi protiv radikalizacije. Predavanja o navedenim temama su održali gospodin Filip De Ceuninck, savjetnik za regionalnu borbu protiv terorizma i savjetnik za sigurnost u Delegaciji Evropske unije u Bosni i Hercegovini, gospodin Aid Smajić, profesor na Fakultetu islamskih nauka Univerziteta u Sarajevu, te gospodin Armin Kržalić, profesor na Fakultetu za kriminalistiku, kriminologiju i sigurnosne studije Univerziteta u Sarajevu.
Nakon toga uslijedile su tri fokus grupe, a jednom od njih moderirao je Benjamin Plevljak, na kojima su studenti predstavili svoje stavove o uzrocima i motivima radikalizacije, ulozi medija i internet kapaciteta u radikalizaciji te o mogućnostima države i društva da se izbore s tim problemima. Neki od zaključaka fokus grupa su:
- ne postoji jedan glavni uzrok radikalizma, već se radi o spletu različitih uzroka i okolnosti
- najvažniji društveni subjekt u pravovremenom prepoznavanju i prevenciji radikalizacije mladih jeste stabilna porodica pa tek onda šira društvena okolina
- deradikalizacija pojedinaca je moguća, ali je za nju nužno postojanje dobro uspostavljenog multidisciplinarnog sistema u kojem bi bili uključeni različiti društveni subjekti
- u zavisnosti od svrhe upotrebe medija i savremenih cyber potencijala, isti mogu imati snažan uticaj kako u radikalizaciji tako i u deradikalizaciji osoba.
Vijeće za regionalnu saradnju koristiće sugestije i prijedloge učesnika radionice za osmišljavanje i organizaciju događaja na ovu temu širom Zapadnog Balkana.
Representatives of the Association New Security Initiative, Benjamin Plevljak and Imer Dulas, participated in the workshop “Community dialogue with youth: early signs of radicalism among youth in local communities” held on 18.09.2018 at the Faculty of Criminalistics, Criminology and Security Studies of the University of Sarajevo. The workshop was organised by the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) within the EU funded programme of the Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) “Integrated Internal Security Governance (IISG)/Western Balkans Counter-Terrorism Initiative (WBCTi).
Besides experts in the field of terrorism and representatives of various organizations, a large group of students from all parts of Bosnia and Hercegovina attended the workshop. The aim was to discuss early signs of radicalization in their local communities, vulnerable populations, overcoming radical narratives, the psychology of religiosity and (mis)use of freedom of speech to encourage hate speech and intolerance.
The workshop was opened by the Assistant Minister of Security of Bosnia and Hercegovina, Mr Samir Rizvo, the Head of Political Section of the Regional Cooperation Council, Mr Amer Kapetanovic, and the Dean of the Faculty for Criminalistics, Criminology and Security Studies, Mr Nedzad Korajlic.
Mr Rizvo presented the activities of Bosnia and Hercegovina in the fight against radicalization and violent extremism, stating that the whole community should participate in this process. In addition, the focus should be on young people who have been recognised as a vulnerable category and thus preventing radicalization and extremism phenomenon.
Mr Kapetanovic reminded about the findings of the RCC’s Study “A Waiting Game: Assessing and Responding to the Threat from Returning Foreign Fighters in the Western Balkans” saying that more than 1.000 people departed to foreign battlefields in Syria and Iraq from the Western Balkans between 2012 and 2016, including 197 children. According to study estimations, 200 of them were killed and 300 returned, presenting additional risk regarding radicalization.
The Dean Korajlic spoke about the curriculum potential of higher education institutions in combating radicalization and violent extremism, as well as the available legal frameworks regarding terrorism-related activities and departure to foreign battlefields. However, the existence of the legal framework did not significantly prevent radicalization.
In the first part of the workshop, the participants were informed about activities undertaken by the European Union in the fight against radicalization and violent extremism in the Western Balkans, universal values of religions, including false interpretations of religious dogmas, and the importance of the academic community in the fight against radicalization. Lectures on this topics were held by Mr Filip De Cueninck, the Advisor on regional fight against terrorism and security in the Delegation of the European Union to Bosnia and Herzegovina; Mr Aid Smajic, the Professor at the Faculty of Islamic Sciences of the University of Sarajevo; and Mr Armin Krzalic, the Professor at the Faculty of Criminalistics, Criminology and Security Studies of the University of Sarajevo.
Thereafter, three focus groups were conducted and Benjamin Plevljak moderated one of them. The goals were to encourage the students to present their views on causes and motivations for radicalization, the role of media and internet capacities in radicalization, and the possibilities of the state and society to deal with these problems. Some of the focus groups conclusions are:
- There is no major cause for radicalism, but rather a set of many various causes and circumstances.
- The most important social subject in recognition and prevention of radicalization of youth is a stable family, and then the wider social environment.
- Deradicalization of individuals is possible, but it is necessary to have a well-established multidisciplinary system involving different social subjects.
- Depending on the purpose of using media and contemporary cyber potentials, they can have a strong influence on both radicalization and deradicalization of individuals.
The Regional Cooperation Council will use suggestions from the participants of the workshop for designing and organization of events on this topic across the Western Balkans.
